The structural and functional model of the shadow segment of the Internet: a comparative analysis of threats and protection methods in the context of the developing AI crime
https://doi.org/10.21683/1729-2646-2026-26-2-68-72
Abstract
The article presents a comprehensive structural and functional model of Internet segmentation that identifies three distinct layers: the Surface Web, the Deep Web, and the Dark Web. The scientific novelty lies in the definition and solution of a scientific problem consisting in the mathematical formalisation of the model, including structural analysis using graph schemes and functional analysis with input/output data and processing functions. The authors propose a multi-level framework for assessing cyber risks at the intersection of artificial intelligence technologies (AI) and cybercrime, as well as a mathematical risk calculation model. The threats of the shadow segment are classified, and a hierarchical model of protective measures adapted to counter AI-enhanced threats is developed. The model is formalised as a directed graph with data aggregation and risk assessment functions, enabling quantitative vulnerability analysis.
About the Authors
A. V. Amenitsky
Saint Petersburg State Electrotechnical University “LETI”
Russian Federation
Russian Federation
Alexey V. Amenitsky, Postgraduate Student
197022, Saint Petersburg, 5 Prof. Popova St.
E. G. Vorobyov
Saint Petersburg State Electrotechnical University “LETI”
Russian Federation
Russian Federation
Evgeny G. Vorobyov, Dr. Sci. (Tech.), Professor
197022, Saint Petersburg, 5 Prof. Popova St.
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Review
For citations:
Amenitsky A.V., Vorobyov E.G. The structural and functional model of the shadow segment of the Internet: a comparative analysis of threats and protection methods in the context of the developing AI crime. Dependability. 2026;26(2):68-72. (In Russ.) https://doi.org/10.21683/1729-2646-2026-26-2-68-72
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ISSN 1729-2646 (Print)
ISSN 2500-3909 (Online)
ISSN 2500-3909 (Online)
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