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<article article-type="research-article" dtd-version="1.3" xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xml:lang="ru"><front><journal-meta><journal-id journal-id-type="publisher-id">sustain</journal-id><journal-title-group><journal-title xml:lang="ru">Надежность</journal-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="en"><trans-title>Dependability</trans-title></trans-title-group></journal-title-group><issn pub-type="ppub">1729-2646</issn><issn pub-type="epub">2500-3909</issn><publisher><publisher-name>RAMS Journal Limited liability company</publisher-name></publisher></journal-meta><article-meta><article-id pub-id-type="doi">10.21683/1729-2646-2025-25-1-4-10</article-id><article-id custom-type="elpub" pub-id-type="custom">sustain-635</article-id><article-categories><subj-group subj-group-type="heading"><subject>Research Article</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="section-heading" xml:lang="ru"><subject>ВОПРОСЫ АВТОМАТИЗАЦИИ И УПРАВЛЕНИЯ ПРОЦЕССАМИ НА ТРАНСПОРТЕ</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="section-heading" xml:lang="en"><subject>ВОПРОСЫ АВТОМАТИЗАЦИИ И УПРАВЛЕНИЯ ПРОЦЕССАМИ НА ТРАНСПОРТЕ</subject></subj-group></article-categories><title-group><article-title>Различные подходы к автономному вождению для железных дорог</article-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="en"><trans-title>Various approaches to autonomous driving in railways</trans-title></trans-title-group></title-group><contrib-group><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Шебе</surname><given-names>Хендрик</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Schäbe</surname><given-names>Hendrik</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Шебе Хендрик – доктор естественных наук, главный специалист по надежности, готовности, ремонтопригодности и безопасности,</p><p>Кёльн.</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Hendrik Schäbe, Doctor of natural sciences, Main specialist on RAMS,</p><p>Cologne.</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">schaebe@de.tuv.com</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Шубинский</surname><given-names>И. Б.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Shubinsky</surname><given-names>Igor B.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Шубинский Игорь Борисович – профессор, доктор технических наук, главный эксперт, </p><p>Москва.</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Igor B. Shubinsky, Professor, Doctor of Engineering, Chief Expert,</p><p>Moscow.</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">igor-shubinsky@yandex.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-2"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Розенберг</surname><given-names>Е. Н.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Rozenberg</surname><given-names>Efim N.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Розенберг Ефим Наумович – профессор, доктор технических наук, первый заместитель Генерального директора, </p><p>Москва.</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Efim N. Rozenberg, Professor, Doctor of Engineering, First Deputy Director General, </p><p>Moscow.</p></bio><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-2"/></contrib></contrib-group><aff-alternatives id="aff-1"><aff xml:lang="ru"><institution>TÜV Rheinland InterTraffic</institution><country>Германия</country></aff><aff xml:lang="en"><institution>TÜV Rheinland InterTraffic</institution><country>Germany</country></aff></aff-alternatives><aff-alternatives id="aff-2"><aff xml:lang="ru"><institution>АО «Научно-исследовательский и проектно-конструкторский институт информатизации, автоматизации и связи на железнодорожном транспорте» (АО «НИИАС»)</institution><country>Россия</country></aff><aff xml:lang="en"><institution>JSC Research and Design Institute for Information Technology, Signalling and Telecommunications in Railway Transportation (JSC NIIAS)</institution><country>Russian Federation</country></aff></aff-alternatives><pub-date pub-type="collection"><year>2025</year></pub-date><pub-date pub-type="epub"><day>08</day><month>03</month><year>2025</year></pub-date><volume>25</volume><issue>1</issue><fpage>4</fpage><lpage>10</lpage><permissions><copyright-statement>Copyright &amp;#x00A9; Шебе Х., Шубинский И.Б., Розенберг Е.Н., 2025</copyright-statement><copyright-year>2025</copyright-year><copyright-holder xml:lang="ru">Шебе Х., Шубинский И.Б., Розенберг Е.Н.</copyright-holder><copyright-holder xml:lang="en">Schäbe H., Shubinsky I.B., Rozenberg E.N.</copyright-holder><license xml:lang="ru" license-type="creative-commons-attribution" xlink:href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/" xlink:type="simple"><license-p>Данная работа распространяется под лицензией Creative Commons Attribution 4.0.</license-p></license><license xml:lang="en" license-type="creative-commons-attribution" xlink:href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/" xlink:type="simple"><license-p>This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 License.</license-p></license></permissions><self-uri xlink:href="https://www.dependability.ru/jour/article/view/635">https://www.dependability.ru/jour/article/view/635</self-uri><abstract><p>В данной статье мы анализируем различные технические решения для автономного вождения. В зависимости от роли автономной системы для нее могут потребоваться различные уровни полноты безопасности. Мы рассматриваем три основные архитектуры. Первая – это просто система поддержки, не требующая уровня полноты, а только базовую полноту. Вторая – простая замена машиниста один к одному, что соответствует уровню SIL 1, вплоть до SIL 2. Третья архитектура – интеграция функций АТО в систему защиты безопасного поезда, что соответствует требованиям SIL 4.</p></abstract><trans-abstract xml:lang="en"><p>In this paper, we analyse various technical solutions for autonomous driving. Depending on the role of an autonomous system, different safety integrity levels may be required. We examine the three primary architectures. The first one is simply a support system that only requires a basic integrity, rather than a level. The second one is a simple replacement of the driver, which corresponds to SIL 1 up to SIL 2. The third architecture is an integration of ATO into a safe train protection system, which corresponds to SIL 4.</p></trans-abstract><kwd-group xml:lang="ru"><kwd>Функциональная безопасность</kwd><kwd>автоматическое управление поездом</kwd><kwd>архитектура безопасности</kwd><kwd>требования безопасности</kwd></kwd-group><kwd-group xml:lang="en"><kwd>functional safety</kwd><kwd>autonomous train driving</kwd><kwd>safety architecture</kwd><kwd>safety requirements</kwd></kwd-group></article-meta></front><back><ref-list><title>References</title><ref id="cit1"><label>1</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Hoekstra S., Middelkoop D., de Vries D. et al. ATO Verkenning Betuweroute Eindrapportage, 1.0, 21.7.2020, ProRail.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Hoekstra S., Middelkoop D., de Vries D. et al. 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