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<article article-type="research-article" dtd-version="1.3" xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xml:lang="ru"><front><journal-meta><journal-id journal-id-type="publisher-id">sustain</journal-id><journal-title-group><journal-title xml:lang="ru">Надежность</journal-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="en"><trans-title>Dependability</trans-title></trans-title-group></journal-title-group><issn pub-type="ppub">1729-2646</issn><issn pub-type="epub">2500-3909</issn><publisher><publisher-name>RAMS Journal Limited liability company</publisher-name></publisher></journal-meta><article-meta><article-id pub-id-type="doi">10.21683/1729-2646-2024-24-4-12-19</article-id><article-id custom-type="elpub" pub-id-type="custom">sustain-617</article-id><article-categories><subj-group subj-group-type="heading"><subject>Research Article</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="section-heading" xml:lang="ru"><subject>СИСТЕМНЫЙ АНАЛИЗ В ЗАДАЧАХ НАДЕЖНОСТИ И БЕЗОПАСНОСТИ</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="section-heading" xml:lang="en"><subject>SYSTEM ANALYSIS IN DEPENDABILITY AND SAFETY</subject></subj-group></article-categories><title-group><article-title>Об анализе временных рядов аварий и инцидентов на опасных производственных объектах</article-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="en"><trans-title>On analysing time series of accidents and incidents at hazardous production facilities</trans-title></trans-title-group></title-group><contrib-group><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Бочков</surname><given-names>А. В.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Bochkov</surname><given-names>A. V.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Бочков Александр Владимирович – доктор технических наук, Ученый секретарь,</p><p>ул. Нижегородская, д. 27, стр. 1, Москва 109029.</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Alexander V. Bochkov, Doctor of Engineering, Academic Secretary,</p><p>27, bldg 1, Nizhegorodskaya str., Moscow, 109029.</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">a.bochkov@vniias.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Киркин</surname><given-names>М. А.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Kirkin</surname><given-names>M. A.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Киркин Максим Александрович – главный эксперт Департамента (В.И. Донцов),</p><p>Московский пр-т, д.156, лит. А, Санкт-Петербург, 196105.</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Maksim A. Kirkin, Chief Expert of Department (V.I. Dontsov),</p><p>156A, Moskovsky pr-t, Saint Petersburg, 196105.</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">M.Kirkin@adm.gazprom.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-2"/></contrib></contrib-group><aff-alternatives id="aff-1"><aff xml:lang="ru"><institution>АО «НИИАС»</institution><country>Россия</country></aff><aff xml:lang="en"><institution>JSC NIIAS</institution><country>Russian Federation</country></aff></aff-alternatives><aff-alternatives id="aff-2"><aff xml:lang="ru"><institution>ПАО «Газпром»</institution><country>Россия</country></aff><aff xml:lang="en"><institution>PJSC Gazprom</institution><country>Russian Federation</country></aff></aff-alternatives><pub-date pub-type="collection"><year>2024</year></pub-date><pub-date pub-type="epub"><day>04</day><month>12</month><year>2024</year></pub-date><volume>24</volume><issue>4</issue><fpage>12</fpage><lpage>19</lpage><permissions><copyright-statement>Copyright &amp;#x00A9; Бочков А.В., Киркин М.А., 2024</copyright-statement><copyright-year>2024</copyright-year><copyright-holder xml:lang="ru">Бочков А.В., Киркин М.А.</copyright-holder><copyright-holder xml:lang="en">Bochkov A.V., Kirkin M.A.</copyright-holder><license xml:lang="ru" license-type="creative-commons-attribution" xlink:href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/" xlink:type="simple"><license-p>Данная работа распространяется под лицензией Creative Commons Attribution 4.0.</license-p></license><license xml:lang="en" license-type="creative-commons-attribution" xlink:href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/" xlink:type="simple"><license-p>This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 License.</license-p></license></permissions><self-uri xlink:href="https://www.dependability.ru/jour/article/view/617">https://www.dependability.ru/jour/article/view/617</self-uri><abstract><p>Безопасное функционирование любых сложных распределенных систем во многом определяется уровнем развития инструментов анализа и прогнозирования происходящих на них событий. Помимо внешних факторов опасности, значимые угрозы создают т.н. опасные производственные объекты (ОПО). Аварии на таких объектах – предмет постоянного анализа и заботы эксплуатирующих организаций. Вместе с тем, статистика аварийности, накопленная за время функционирования таких объектов, часто неоднородна. Аварии и инциденты на ОПО происходят в разное время, при различном прогнозном фоне, что затрудняет построение и верификацию цифровых моделей подобных объектов. В настоящей работе предлагается алгоритм первичной обработки временных рядов наблюдений для выделения данных, которые можно использовать в дальнейшем для построения и обучения прогнозных моделей с требуемой точностью. Предлагаемый подход может быть реализован средствами языка R, который во многом стал стандартом для статистических расчетов.</p></abstract><trans-abstract xml:lang="en"><p>Safe operation of any complex distributed systems is largely defined by the quality of the event analysis and prediction tools. Aside from the external hazards, the so-called hazardous production facilities (HPFs) pose significant threats. Accidents at such facilities are a subject of constant analysis and concern of operating organisations. At the same time, the accident statistics accumulated over the period of operation of such facilities are often heterogeneous. Accidents and incidents at HPFs occur at different times, against different forecast backgrounds, which complicates the construction and verification of digital models of such facilities. This paper proposes an algorithm for preprocessing time series of observations to extract data that can be subsequently used to build and train predictive models with the required accuracy. The proposed approach can be implemented by means of the R language, that in many respects has become a standard for statistical calculations.</p></trans-abstract><kwd-group xml:lang="ru"><kwd>временной ряд</kwd><kwd>аварии</kwd><kwd>инциденты</kwd><kwd>статистика Фишера</kwd><kwd>прогноз временного ряда</kwd></kwd-group><kwd-group xml:lang="en"><kwd>time series</kwd><kwd>accidents</kwd><kwd>incidents</kwd><kwd>Fisher statistics</kwd><kwd>time series prediction</kwd></kwd-group></article-meta></front><back><ref-list><title>References</title><ref id="cit1"><label>1</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Бочков А.В. Проблемы оценки опасностей и управления рисками объектов критически важной инфраструктуры Группы «Газпром»: аналитический обзор // Научно-технический сборник «Вести газовой науки». 2018. № 2(34). С. 51-87.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Bochkov A.V. 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