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<article article-type="research-article" dtd-version="1.3" xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xml:lang="ru"><front><journal-meta><journal-id journal-id-type="publisher-id">sustain</journal-id><journal-title-group><journal-title xml:lang="ru">Надежность</journal-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="en"><trans-title>Dependability</trans-title></trans-title-group></journal-title-group><issn pub-type="ppub">1729-2646</issn><issn pub-type="epub">2500-3909</issn><publisher><publisher-name>RAMS Journal Limited liability company</publisher-name></publisher></journal-meta><article-meta><article-id pub-id-type="doi">10.21683/1729-2646-2022-22-2-3-9</article-id><article-id custom-type="elpub" pub-id-type="custom">sustain-468</article-id><article-categories><subj-group subj-group-type="heading"><subject>Research Article</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="section-heading" xml:lang="ru"><subject>СИСТЕМНЫЙ АНАЛИЗ. СТРУКТУРНАЯ НАДЕЖНОСТЬ</subject></subj-group></article-categories><title-group><article-title>Надежность транспортирующих систем водоотведения крупных городов</article-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="en"><trans-title>Dependability of water disposal systems of major cities</trans-title></trans-title-group></title-group><contrib-group><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Баранов</surname><given-names>Л. А.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Baranov</surname><given-names>L. A.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Баранов Леонид Аврамович – доктор технических наук, профессор, заведующий кафедрой «Управление и защита информации»</p><p>Москва</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Leonid A. Baranov, Doctor of Engineering, Professor, Head of Department of Management and Protection of Information</p><p>Moscow</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">baranov.miit@gmail.com</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Ермолин</surname><given-names>Ю. А.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Yermolin</surname><given-names>Yu. A.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Ермолин Юрий Александрович – доктор технических наук, профессор кафедры «Управление и защита информации»</p><p>Москва</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Yuri A. Yermolin, Doctor of Engineering, Professor, Department of Management and Protection of Information</p><p>Moscow</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">ermolin.y@yandex.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib></contrib-group><aff-alternatives id="aff-1"><aff xml:lang="ru"><institution>Российский университет транспорта (МИИТ)</institution><country>Россия</country></aff><aff xml:lang="en"><institution>Russian University of Transport (MIIT)</institution><country>Russian Federation</country></aff></aff-alternatives><pub-date pub-type="collection"><year>2022</year></pub-date><pub-date pub-type="epub"><day>10</day><month>06</month><year>2022</year></pub-date><volume>22</volume><issue>2</issue><fpage>3</fpage><lpage>9</lpage><permissions><copyright-statement>Copyright &amp;#x00A9; Баранов Л.А., Ермолин Ю.А., 2022</copyright-statement><copyright-year>2022</copyright-year><copyright-holder xml:lang="ru">Баранов Л.А., Ермолин Ю.А.</copyright-holder><copyright-holder xml:lang="en">Baranov L.A., Yermolin Y.A.</copyright-holder><license xml:lang="ru" license-type="creative-commons-attribution" xlink:href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/" xlink:type="simple"><license-p>Данная работа распространяется под лицензией Creative Commons Attribution 4.0.</license-p></license><license xml:lang="en" license-type="creative-commons-attribution" xlink:href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/" xlink:type="simple"><license-p>This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 License.</license-p></license></permissions><self-uri xlink:href="https://www.dependability.ru/jour/article/view/468">https://www.dependability.ru/jour/article/view/468</self-uri><abstract><p>Цель этой статьи состоит в разработке аналитической методики вычисления показателя надежности специфической древовидной транспортирующей сети – системы водоотведения сточных вод крупного города.</p><sec><title>Методы</title><p>Методы. В качестве меры надежности канализационной сети в целом предлагается рассматривать относительный объем сточной воды, сбрасываемой из канализационной сети в окружающую среду вследствие отказов ее элементов. Эта статья представляет простую и удобную методику вычисления этого объема. В основе этой методики лежит представление древовидной канализационной сети в виде комбинации Y-образных фрагментов, названных структурообразующими элементами. Каждый такой элемент формально заменяется его фиктивным эквивалентом с интенсивностью отказов, рассчитываемой из условия равенства объемов неочищенного сброса сточной воды реального и фиктивного элементов. Последовательное применение такого подхода сводит задачу оценки объема сбрасываемых стоков к элементарным подзадачам, решение которых находится методами теории вероятностей.</p></sec><sec><title>Результаты</title><p>Результаты. Определение показателя эксплуатационной надежности сводится к рекуррентной пошаговой процедуре эквивалентирования Y-образных фрагментов сети, на каждом шаге которой результаты расчетов на предыдущей стадии используются в качестве исходных данных. Каждый такой шаг, начиная от входов сети, приводит к новой (виртуальной) сети, в отношении которой процедура повторяется. Процесс эквивалентирования заканчивается, когда исходная сеть оказывается представленной всего одним фиктивным элементом, для которого показатель надежности определяется элементарно.</p></sec><sec><title>Заключение</title><p>Заключение. Разработана методика расчета показателя эксплуатационной надежности древовидной канализационной сети крупного города, удобная для применения. Перечислены некоторые практические задачи, при решении которых предлагаемая методика была бы продуктивна. Сформулированы направления перспективных исследований в этом направлении.</p></sec></abstract><trans-abstract xml:lang="en"><p>The Aim of the paper is to develop an analytical procedure for calculating the dependability indicator of a specific tree-like transporting network, i.e., the water disposal system of a major city.</p><sec><title>Methods</title><p>Methods. It is suggested using the relative volume of sewage water released from a sewage system into the environment as the result of the failure of the former’s components as the measure of dependability. This paper presents a simple and convenient method for calculating such volume. The method is based on the representation of a tree-like sewage network as a combination of Y fragments referred to as structural elements. Every such element is formally replaced with its pseudo equivalent with a failure rate calculated assuming that the volumes of untreated waste water released by actual and fictitious elements are equal. A consistent application of this approach reduces the problem of estimation of the volume of released waste water to elementary subproblems that are solved using probability methods.</p></sec><sec><title>Results</title><p>Results. The problem of identifying the operational dependability indicator comes down to a recurrent stepwise procedure for equalization of Y fragments of the network, at each step of which the calculation data from the preceding step are used as the input data. Each such step, starting from the entry network, leads to another (virtual) network, for which the procedure repeats. The equalization process ends when the original network is represented by only one pseudo element, for which the dependability indicator is defined in an elementary way.</p></sec><sec><title>Conclusion</title><p>Conclusion. The authors developed a convenient method for calculating the operational dependability indicator of a tree-like sewer network of a major city. Some practical problems are referred to that can be solved using the proposed method. Future lines of research in the domain were identified.</p></sec></trans-abstract><kwd-group xml:lang="ru"><kwd>древовидная канализационная сеть</kwd><kwd>показатель надежности</kwd><kwd>Y-образный фрагмент</kwd><kwd>эквивалентирование</kwd><kwd>пошаговая процедура</kwd></kwd-group><kwd-group xml:lang="en"><kwd>tree-like sewer network</kwd><kwd>dependability indicator</kwd><kwd>Y fragment</kwd><kwd>equalization</kwd><kwd>stepwise procedure</kwd></kwd-group><funding-group><funding-statement xml:lang="ru">Исследование выполнено при финансовой поддержке РФФИ, НТУ «Сириус», ОАО «РЖД» и Образовательного Фонда «Талант и успех» в рамках научного проекта № 20-37-51001.</funding-statement></funding-group></article-meta></front><back><ref-list><title>References</title><ref id="cit1"><label>1</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Яковлев С.В., Воронов Ю.В. 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